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legal & digital

Electronic signature: what if we talked about the "link"?

Date : Publié par
Under French law, the definition of an electronic signature (Art. 1367 Al.2 Civil Code) implies a "link" between the act and the signature identifying its author. This notion of link is also found in the definition of the advanced signature in the European eIDAS Regulation (Art. 26) which states that the advanced signature must be "unequivocally linked to the signatory". But the meaning of this link is not obvious. We believe that it can be understood according to three approaches: a conceptual approach that projects onto the electronic signature a characteristic of the handwritten signature; a technical approach defining it via the electronic signature technology; and finally an opportunistic approach linked to the development of the on-the-fly certificate and the notion of evidence file, widely adopted by French judges.

Electronic signature: judges are rebelling

Date : Publié par
Over the period from the end of March to mid-April 2025, the Courts of Appeal issued about fifteen decisions on electronic signatures. Nearly half of them refuse to acknowledge the signing of the contract electronically, which is an exceptionally high ratio compared to what we used to see. We have analysed these negative decisions

Digital Accessibility: Are You Ready?

Date : Publié par
Digital accessibility is an obligation for all e_commerce sites for new services from June 28, 2025. Existing "similar" services have an additional 5 years to comply with these obligations. But what is a "similar" service really?